Question

India became a party to the International Convention on Biological Diversity in

• A. 1992
• B. 1995
• C. 1994
• D. 2000

Hint:

For international conventions, distinguish between the year the convention was opened for signature and the year a specific country ratified it. The question often asks when a country became a "party," which refers to the date of ratification.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is a multilateral treaty with three main goals: the conservation of biological diversity; the sustainable use of its components; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources. A country becomes a "party" to a convention when it ratifies it.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- The text of the CBD was opened for signature on 5 June 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the Rio "Earth Summit").
- India signed the Convention on Biological Diversity in 1992.
- India ratified the Convention on 18 February 1994.
- Upon ratification, India officially became a party to the convention.
In pursuance of its commitments under the CBD, India enacted the Biological Diversity Act in 2002.