Increasing order of electrophilic substitution for following compounds:
IV<I<II<III
III<II<I<IV
I<IV<III<II
II<III<I<IV
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The correct option is(A): IV<I<II<III.
Electrophilic aromatic substitution, also referred to as E.A.S, is an organic chemical reaction wherein an atom becomes bonded to an existing aromatic system, replacing a hydrogen atom. Several significant and well-known electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions include:
- Aromatic nitration
- Aromatic halogenation
- Aromatic sulfonation
- Friedel-Crafts acylation
- Friedel-Crafts alkylation
Within this set of compounds, we can observe the presence of the following functional groups attached to the aromatic system:
(A) Chlorine atom: Exhibits mild deactivating properties, diminishing nucleophilicity due to its electron-withdrawing effect on the aromatic system.
(B) Methoxy group: Acts as an activating group, enhancing nucleophilicity by donating electrons to the aromatic system.
(C) Methyl group: Also behaves as an activating group, boosting nucleophilicity by donating electrons to the aromatic system.
(D) Nitrile group: Displays strong deactivating characteristics, lowering nucleophilicity by withdrawing electrons from the aromatic system.
Therefore the correct option is (A).
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Concepts Used:
Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons can be described as organic compounds that consists only hydrogen and carbon atoms. These compounds are of different types and thereby have distinct natures. Hydrocarbons are colorless gases and are known for discharging faint odours. These have been categorized under four major classes named as alkynes, alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
Types of Hydrocarbons
- Saturated hydrocarbons - Saturated hydrocarbons are those compounds where there is a single bond exists between carbon atoms and are saturated with atoms of hydrogen.
- Unsaturated hydrocarbons - Hydrocarbons comprises of at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- Aliphatic hydrocarbons - The term denotes the hydrocarbons formed as an outcome of the chemical degradation of fats. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are basically chemical compounds.
- Aromatic hydrocarbons - They are distinguished because of the presence of benzene rings in them. They give away distinct types of aroma. These hydrocarbons comprises of only hydrogen and carbon atoms.