Question

In which of the following conditions/diseases is there a substantial increase in the activity of mast cells observed in the human body?

• A. Typhoid
• B. Allergy
• C. Ascariasis
• D. AIDS

Hint:

Mast cells are key players in allergic reactions, releasing histamine upon allergen exposure.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Mast cells are immune cells found in connective tissues and play a critical role in allergic reactions.
They contain granules rich in histamine and other chemicals.
During allergic responses, allergens bind to IgE antibodies on mast cells, causing them to degranulate and release histamine.
This leads to symptoms like sneezing, itching, swelling, and mucous secretion.
Other options:
- Typhoid is a bacterial infection caused by *Salmonella typhi*; mast cells are not directly involved.
- Ascariasis is caused by a parasitic roundworm (*Ascaris lumbricoides*) and may activate eosinophils rather than mast cells.
- AIDS is caused by HIV which destroys helper T-cells, not primarily involving mast cells.