Question:

In some members of which of the following pairs of families, pollen grains retain their viability for months after release

Updated On: Jun 23, 2024
  • Rosaceae ; Leguminosae
  • Poaceae ; Rosaceae
  • Poaceae ; Leguminosae
  • Poaceae ; Solanaceae
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Pollen grains, the male reproductive cells of plants responsible for fertilization, exhibit varying degrees of viability and longevity. Following their release from the anthers, they undergo dispersal, carried by the wind or other agents to reach the female reproductive structures of flowers. Notably, not all pollen grains share the same persistence. Some have a short lifespan, while others can endure for months, or even years. Among the given family pairs, Rosaceae and Leguminosae stand out for their pollen grains' exceptional durability.

Rosaceae: This family encompasses numerous economically significant plants, including apples, pears, cherries, strawberries, raspberries, and roses. Many Rosaceae species produce pollen grains with a robust exine layer, providing protection against environmental stresses and ensuring prolonged viability. For instance, the pollen grains of apple and pear can remain viable for up to six months.
Leguminosae: This family features many essential food crops like beans, peas, lentils, soybeans, and peanuts. The pollen grains of various Leguminosae species also possess a resilient exine layer, allowing them to maintain viability for extended periods. For example, soybean pollen grains can remain viable for up to ten months.

So, the correct option is (A): Rosaceae ; Leguminosae

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Concepts Used:

Morphology of Flowering Plants

Morphology in flowering plants tells us that every plant has two systems such as a root system and a shoot system. The root system digs deep into the ground and structures a system of its own. On the other hand, the shoot system is the one that is above ground level and includes various plant parts. 

Root System

The descending part of the plant grows under the soil roots. During the germination process, the radicle from the seed grows earthward and branches out. The branches along with the primary root are called the root system. Roots lack chlorophyll and therefore they are not green in color. Roots are positively geotropic and hydrotropic, that is, they grow downwards ground and water, and negatively phototropic, which is growing away from light.

There are three types of root systems found in plants are as follows:

  1. TapRoot System
  2. Fibrous Root System
  3. Adventitious Root System

Shoot System

The stem is also an essential element of the plant. It is the ascending portion of the plant axis that bears branches, flowers, leaves, and fruits, as well as aiding in water and mineral conduction. It is the plant's aerial portion, brought about from an embryo's plumule or germinating seeds. Young stems are ordinarily green, but they finally turn woody and brown.