In sampling, a part is collected to represent the total set of observation. Use any single word from the following to replace "Total set of observation".
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In statistics, “population” is the complete set of items that data can be collected from; a “sample” represents a part of this total.
In statistical sampling, the term "population" refers to the total set of observations or data from which a sample may be drawn. A sample is a subset selected to make inferences about the population.