Question

In "Lathyrism" the toxin present in the lathyrus seeds has been identified as :

• A. \( \text{Beta oxalyl amino alanine (BOAA)} \)
• B. \( \text{Terbutaline} \)
• C. \( \text{Chlorine} \)
• D. \( \text{Iodine} \)

Hint:

\textbf{Toxicology: Lathyrism.} Remember that lathyrism is a neurotoxic condition linked to the consumption of *Lathyrus* seeds, and the causative agent is the neuroexcitatory amino acid BOAA.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Lathyrism is a neurological condition caused by the consumption of seeds of certain species of the genus *Lathyrus*, particularly *Lathyrus sativus* (grass pea) during times of famine. The neurotoxin responsible for the neurological symptoms of lathyrism has been identified as beta-oxalyl-L-alpha,beta-diaminopropionic acid, commonly abbreviated as beta-oxalyl amino alanine (BOAA). BOAA is a non-protein amino acid that acts as a potent excitotoxin, overstimulating glutamate receptors in the central nervous system, leading to neuronal damage. This damage primarily affects the upper motor neurons, resulting in a characteristic spastic paraparesis (weakness and spasticity of the legs). Let's briefly look at the other options: Terbutaline: This is a beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist used as a bronchodilator to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. It is not a toxin found in *Lathyrus* seeds. Chlorine: This is a chemical element and a strong oxidizing agent. While chlorine gas is toxic, it is not found in *Lathyrus* seeds as the cause of lathyrism. Iodine: This is an essential trace element required for thyroid hormone synthesis. Deficiency or excess can cause health problems, but it is not the toxin responsible for lathyrism. Therefore, the toxin present in *Lathyrus* seeds that causes lathyrism is beta-oxalyl amino alanine (BOAA).