Question:

In electrophillic aromatic substitution reaction, the nitro group is meta directing because it

Updated On: May 15, 2024
  • increases electron density at meta position
  • increases electron density at ortho and para positions
  • decreases electron density at ortho and para positions
  • decreases electron density at meta position
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

When nitro group is present in the benzene nucleus, it withdraws electrons from $o$ and $p$ -positions. Thus, the electron density at the $o$ and $p$ -positions decreases. $m$ -positions become positions of comparatively higher electron density and therefore, electrophilic attack occurs at $m$ -positions.
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Concepts Used:

Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons can be described as organic compounds that consists only hydrogen and carbon atoms. These compounds are of different types and thereby have distinct natures. Hydrocarbons are colorless gases and are known for discharging faint odours. These have been categorized under four major classes named as alkynes, alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic hydrocarbons. 

Types of Hydrocarbons

  1. Saturated hydrocarbons - Saturated hydrocarbons are those compounds where there is a single bond exists between carbon atoms and are saturated with atoms of hydrogen.
  2. Unsaturated hydrocarbons - Hydrocarbons comprises of at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons.
  3. Aliphatic hydrocarbons - The term denotes the hydrocarbons formed as an outcome of the chemical degradation of fats. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are basically chemical compounds.
  4. Aromatic hydrocarbons - They are distinguished because of the presence of benzene rings in them. They give away distinct types of aroma. These hydrocarbons comprises of only hydrogen and carbon atoms.