Question

(iii) How do sense and anti-sense RNAs function?

Hint:

Sense and anti-sense RNAs regulate gene expression through RNA interference mechanisms.

Answer 1

Key Definitions: \begin{itemize} \item Sense RNA: This strand corresponds to the coding sequence of a gene. It acts as a template for protein synthesis during translation. \item Anti-sense RNA: This strand is complementary to the sense RNA. It binds to sense RNA, forming a double-stranded RNA complex, which blocks translation by ribosomes. \end{itemize} RNA Interference (RNAi): \begin{itemize} \item RNAi is a gene silencing mechanism where double-stranded RNA prevents the expression of a specific gene. \item RNAi technology is widely used in plants to control pests, pathogens, and undesirable traits. \end{itemize} Example: In transgenic tobacco, anti-sense RNA silences essential genes in nematodes, preventing their survival and reproduction. % Quick tip