A production function displays increasing returns to scale when the sum of the exponents of the inputs is greater than 1. This means that when all inputs are increased by a constant factor, the output increases by a larger factor. Given that Q(x, y) = Axayb, and we know a + b = 2, which is greater than 1, this indicates increasing returns to scale.
In other words, doubling the inputs will lead to more than double the output. Thus, the correct answer is (c) Increasing returns to scale.