Identify the functional groups in the following compounds.
Solution and Explanation
The functional groups present in the given compounds are:
(a) \(Aldehyde\; (–CHO), Hydroxyl \;(–OH), Methoxy \;(–OMe)\),
\(C=C \;double\; bond\) \(\bigg(-\overset{1}C=\overset{1}C-\bigg)\)
(b) \(Amino \;(–NH_2), \; Ketone \;(C = O), \; Diethylamine \;(N(C_2H_5)_2)\)
(c) \(Nitro \;(–NO_2)\),
\(C=C\; double\; bond\) \(\bigg(-C=C-\bigg)\)
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Concepts Used:
Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques - Reaction Mechanism
SN1 Reaction Mechanism:
SN1 reaction mechanism takes place by following three steps –
- Formation of carbocation
- Attack of nucleophile
- Deprotonation
SN2 Reaction Mechanism:
The SN2 reaction mechanism involves the nucleophilic substitution reaction of the leaving group (which generally consists of halide groups or other electron-withdrawing groups) with a nucleophile in a given organic compound.
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reaction Mechanism:
The mechanism of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction contains three main components which are:
- A new sigma bond from C=C is formed during the reaction in the arene nucleophile.
- Due to the breaking of the C-H sigma bond, a proton is removed.
- The C=C bond is reformed and it restores the aromaticity of the compound.
Electrophilic Substitution Reaction Mechanism:
The electrophilic substitution reaction mechanism is composed of three steps, which will be discussed more below.
- Electrophile Generation
- Carbocation Formation
- Proton Removal