Identify the correct stratigraphic successions ordered from oldest to youngest.
- Papaghni Group - Kurnool Group - Nallamalai Group - Chitravati Group
- Semri Group - Kaimur Group - Rewa Group - Bhander Group
- Papaghni Group - Chitravati Group - Nallamalai Group - Kurnool Group
- Semri Group - Rewa Group - Bhander Group - Kaimur Group
The Correct Option is B, C
Solution and Explanation
The question asks us to identify the correct stratigraphic successions ordered from oldest to youngest. We are dealing with two separate series of geological formations:
- Semri Group - Kaimur Group - Rewa Group - Bhander Group
- Papaghni Group - Chitravati Group - Nallamalai Group - Kurnool Group
Let's examine each of these sequences to determine the correct order of stratigraphic succession based on geological time and characteristics:
1. Vindhyan Supergroup Sequence:
The Vindhyan Supergroup is a large sedimentary sequence in the Indian subcontinent, predominantly found in the Vindhya mountain range.
- Semri Group: This is the basal or oldest unit of the Vindhyan Supergroup, mainly consisting of shales, limestone, and sandstone.
- Kaimur Group: Lying above the Semri Group, it mostly includes quartzites and shales.
- Rewa Group: Positioned above the Kaimur Group, known for its sandstone, shales, and conglomerates.
- Bhander Group: The youngest in this sequence, consisting primarily of sandstone and shales.
The correct order is:
- Semri Group - Kaimur Group - Rewa Group - Bhander Group
2. Cuddapah Supergroup Sequence:
The Cuddapah basin contains the Cuddapah Supergroup in Southern India, famous for its rich geological formations.
- Papaghni Group: This is the oldest group within the Cuddapah system, comprising mainly quartzites and dolomites.
- Chitravati Group: Resting above the Papaghni Group, consisting of shales and quartzites.
- Nallamalai Group: Lying above the Chitravati Group, it includes thick sequences of phyllite, quartzite, and shales.
- Kurnool Group: The youngest group, predominantly consists of limestone and dolostones with some quartzites.
The correct order is:
- Papaghni Group - Chitravati Group - Nallamalai Group - Kurnool Group
Thus, both sequences given in the question are verified correctly as per their stratigraphic succession:
- Semri Group - Kaimur Group - Rewa Group - Bhander Group
- Papaghni Group - Chitravati Group - Nallamalai Group - Kurnool Group
Therefore, the correct answer is:
- Semri Group - Kaimur Group - Rewa Group - Bhander Group
- Papaghni Group - Chitravati Group - Nallamalai Group - Kurnool Group
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