Question:

How will you convert benzene into 
  1. p-nitrobromobenzene
  2. m-nitrochlorobenzene 
  3. p -nitrotoluene
  4. acetophenone

Updated On: Nov 15, 2023
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Solution and Explanation

(i) Benzene can be converted into p-nitrobromobenzene as:
conversion of Benzene into p-nitrobromobenzene


(ii) Benzene can be converted into m-nitrochlorobenzene as:
conversion od benzene into m-nitrochlorobenzene


(iii) Benzene can be converted into p-nitrotoulene as:
Conversion of benzene into p-nitrotoulene


(iv) Benzene can be converted into acetophenone as:
conversion of benzene into acetophenone

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Concepts Used:

Aromatic hydrocarbon

Aromatic hydrocarbons, sometimes known as arenes, are aromatic organic molecules made up entirely of carbon and hydrogen. In aromatic compounds a benzene ring which is named after the simple aromatic chemical benzene, or a phenyl group when part of a larger structure, is the configuration of six carbon atoms.

Read More: Aromaticity

Reactions of Aromatic Hydrocarbons:

1. Aromatic Substitution Reactions

This reaction involves the replacement of one substituent on the ring of an aromatic hydrocarbon, commonly a hydrogen atom, by a different substituent group.

The common types of aromatic substitution reactions are:

  • Nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions
  • Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions
  • Radical nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions

2. Coupling Reactions

In these types of reactions, the coupling of two fragments that have a radical nature is achieved with the help of a metal catalyst