Question

How is Intelligence Quotient (IQ) calculated? Provide the formula.

Hint:

The standard formula for calculating Intelligence Quotient is: \[ IQ = \frac{MA}{CA} \times 100 \] where MA = Mental Age and CA = Chronological Age.

Answer 1

Concept: The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is a numerical measure used to assess an individual's intellectual ability in relation to others of the same age group. The concept of IQ was introduced to quantify intelligence through standardized psychological tests. It compares a person's mental age with their chronological age.
Step 1: Meaning of Mental Age (MA).
Mental Age refers to the level of intellectual performance of an individual as determined by standardized intelligence tests. It represents the age level at which a person is functioning intellectually.
Step 2: Meaning of Chronological Age (CA).
Chronological Age is the actual age of a person measured in years from the date of birth.
Step 3: Formula for Intelligence Quotient (IQ).
The Intelligence Quotient is calculated using the following formula: \[ IQ = \frac{\text{Mental Age (MA)}}{\text{Chronological Age (CA)}} \times 100 \]
Step 4: Example of IQ Calculation.
Suppose a child has a mental age of 12 years and a chronological age of 10 years. Using the formula: \[ IQ = \frac{12}{10} \times 100 = 120 \] This means the child’s intelligence level is above the average for their age group. Conclusion: Thus, IQ is calculated by comparing mental age with chronological age and multiplying the result by 100. It helps psychologists estimate an individual's intellectual level relative to others.