Question

How do the following organisms act as bio-fertilizers? Explain.
(a) Mycorrhiza
(b) Anabaena
(c) Rhizobium

Hint:

Bio-fertilizers enhance soil fertility naturally, reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers.

Answer 1

Mycorrhiza: A symbiotic association between fungi and plant roots. Enhances water and nutrient absorption, particularly phosphorus.

Anabaena: A cyanobacterium capable of nitrogen fixation. Provides nitrogen to plants in a usable form and enhances soil fertility. 

Rhizobium: A bacterium that forms nodules on the roots of leguminous plants. Converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which is used by the plant.