In eukaryotes, $DNA$ organisation is complex. There is a set of positively charged, basic proteins called histones. Histones are rich in the basic amino acid residues lysine and arginine. There are five types of histone proteins $- H_{1}, H_{2}A, H_{2}B, H_{3}$ and $H_{4}$ . Four of them ( $H_{2}A, H_{2}B, H_{3}$ and $H_{4}$ ) produce histone octamer called nu body or core of nudeosome. The negatively charged $DNA$ is wrapped around the positively charged histone octamer to form nudeosome. $DNA$ connecting two adjacent nudeosomes is called linker $DNA$ which bears $H_{1}$ histone proteins.

Histone proteins are

Notes on the molecular basis of inheritance

Concepts Used:

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

DNA Replication:

DNA synthesis is commenced at particular points within the DNA strand referred to as ‘origins’, which are certain coding regions. There are numerous origin sites, and when replication of DNA starts, these sites are mentioned as replication forks. Within the replication, the complex is the enzyme DNA Helicase, so that they can be utilized as a template for replication. DNA Primase is another enzyme that's essential in DNA replication.

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule that exists all together in biological cells. It is principally involved in the synthesis of proteins, that carry the messenger instructions from DNA, which itself contains the genetic instructions needed for the event and maintenance of life. In some viruses, RNA, in spite of DNA, carries genetic information.

Genetic Code:

Genetic code is the term we use in the manner that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the ribosome, the cellular machinery, can read them and switch them into a protein. In the ordering, every three nucleotides during a row count as a triplet and code for one amino alkanoic acid.

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