Question

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : According to Imam Fakhruddin Razi, the moderate region is fourth Iqlim (Iqlim Chaharum) and according to Ibn Sina, the moderate region is the region nearby the equator (Khate Istiwa).
Reason (R) : According to Imam Fakhruddin Razi, Fourth Iqlim (Iqlim Chaharum) is moderate because it is situated in between the hot and cold regions and is best for habitat. The regions nearby the pole are cold and nearby equator are hot.
According to Ibn Sina, in regions near the equator the sun rays fall straight and the duration of day and night is equal. But the opinion of Imam Fakhruddin Razi is more appropriate than Ibn Sina.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)
• C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
• D. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

Hint:

Remember — Fourth Iqlim is moderate due to its middle position; Razi’s view aligns with climatic logic in Unani.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Assertion (A) is true because according to Unani geographical concepts, Imam Fakhruddin Razi identified the fourth Iqlim as the moderate region for human habitation.
Meanwhile, Ibn Sina described the equatorial region as moderate due to equal day and night duration and direct sun rays.
Reason (R) is also true as it correctly explains why Imam Fakhruddin Razi’s view is preferred — the Fourth Iqlim is between the cold polar zones and the hot equatorial belt, making it suitable for balanced climate and habitation.
Therefore, the Reason given is the correct explanation for the Assertion.
So, both (A) and (R) are true and (R) correctly explains (A).