Question

Give any four significances of fertilization in human.
Mention the names of any two organs each derived from ectoderm and mesoderm.

Hint:

Fertilization ensures genetic continuity; embryonic germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm) form specific organs.

Answer 1

i. Significances of Fertilization:
1. Initiates embryo development by forming a zygote.
2. Restores diploid chromosome number (46 in humans).
3. Triggers genetic recombination, promoting diversity.
4. Activates egg for development via sperm penetration.
ii. Organs:
- Ectoderm: Skin, Brain.
- Mesoderm: Heart, Muscles.
Answer: i. Zygote formation, diploidy, genetic diversity, egg activation; ii. Ectoderm: Skin, Brain; Mesoderm: Heart, Muscles.