Question

Give an account on Biosphere Reserves and National Parks.

Hint:

Biosphere Reserves = large areas with core, buffer, and transition zones. National Parks = strictly protected areas for wildlife conservation.

Answer 1

1. Biosphere Reserves: \[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{Biosphere reserves are large areas of protected land meant for conservation of biodiversity, research, and sustainable use of natural resources.} \\ \bullet & \text{They protect the flora, fauna, and the traditional lifestyles of the tribal communities.} \\ \bullet & \text{Each biosphere reserve typically consists of three zones:} \\ \bullet & \text{Core zone: Strictly protected for conservation of wildlife.} \\ \bullet & \text{Buffer zone: Limited human activities like research, tourism, and education are allowed.} \\ \bullet & \text{Transition zone: Human settlements, agriculture, and other activities are permitted in a sustainable manner.} \\ \bullet & \text{Examples in India: Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve.} \\ \end{array}\] 2. National Parks: \[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{National Parks are protected areas for wildlife conservation, where hunting, grazing, forestry, and private land use are prohibited.} \\ \bullet & \text{Aim: To conserve endangered species, maintain ecological processes, and promote eco-tourism.} \\ \bullet & \text{National Parks are managed by the government and are strictly reserved for the preservation of biodiversity.} \\ \bullet & \text{Examples in India: Jim Corbett National Park (Uttarakhand), Kaziranga National Park (Assam), Gir National Park (Gujarat).} \\ \end{array}\]