Question:

Furosemide mechanism of action

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Furosemide is called a "high-ceiling" diuretic due to its powerful action. It may cause hypokalemia and ototoxicity with prolonged use.
Updated On: May 27, 2025
  • Inhibit Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl⁻ cotransporter in the ascending limb of Henle
  • Inhibit Na⁺-K⁺ cotransporter in the collecting duct
  • Inhibit Na⁺-2Cl⁻ cotransporter in the distal loop of Henle
  • Aldosterone antagonist
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts primarily on the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle in the nephron. - It inhibits the Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl⁻ symporter, which is responsible for the reabsorption of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions from the tubular fluid back into the bloodstream.
- By blocking this transporter, furosemide increases the excretion of Na⁺, Cl⁻, and K⁺, along with water, leading to a potent diuretic effect.
- This inhibition also reduces the reabsorption of calcium and magnesium, contributing to additional electrolyte loss.
- Furosemide is useful in the management of edema, congestive heart failure, hypertension, and renal impairment.
- Unlike thiazide diuretics, which act on the distal convoluted tubule, furosemide works earlier in the nephron and has a more profound diuretic effect.
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