Four successive members of the first row transition elements are listed below with their atomic numbers. Which one of them is expected to have the highest third ionization enthalpy?
Vanadium (Z=23)
Chromium (Z=24)
Iron (Z=26)
Manganese (Z=25)
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
The third electron extracted during the third ionisation enthalpy belongs to the third-subshell family. This indicates that although the shell and subshells of all elements are the identical, the quantity of energy needed depends on the stability of the d-subshell. Mn thus has the greatest third ionisation energy.
Therefore, the correct option is (D): Manganese (Z=25)
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Concepts Used:
D and F Block Elements
The d-block elements are placed in groups 3-12 and F-block elements with 4f and 5f orbital filled progressively. The general electronic configuration of d block elements and f- block elements are (n-1) d 1-10 ns 1-2 and (n-2) f 1-14 (n-1) d1 ns2 respectively. They are commonly known as transition elements because they exhibit multiple oxidation states because of the d-d transition which is possible by the availability of vacant d orbitals in these elements.
They have variable Oxidation States as well as are good catalysts because they provide a large surface area for the absorption of reaction. They show variable oxidation states to form intermediate with reactants easily. They are mostly lanthanoids and show lanthanoid contraction. Since differentiating electrons enter in an anti-penultimate f subshell. Therefore, these elements are also called inner transition elements.
Read More: The d and f block elements