The highlighted word 'recalcitrant' in the sentence refers to someone who is uncooperative and resists authority or control. When analyzing the options provided, we can evaluate them as follows:
Enthusiastic: This describes someone who is eager or excited and does not capture the rebellious nature implied by 'recalcitrant'.
Resisting authority or discipline: This accurately describes someone who defies control or shows open resistance, which aligns with the meaning of 'recalcitrant'.
Weak and frightened: This implies vulnerability and fearfulness, which are contrary to the defiant and resistant connotations of 'recalcitrant'.
Hollow and insincere: This suggests a lack of authenticity or depth, lacking the specific connotation of resistance to authority signified by 'recalcitrant'.
Thus, the most appropriate choice that matches the meaning of 'recalcitrant' is 'resisting authority or discipline'.