Question

Explain the various phases of the menstrual cycle.

Hint:

The menstrual cycle normally lasts about {28 days} and includes four phases: {Menstrual, Follicular, Ovulation, and Luteal}.

Answer 1

Concept: The menstrual cycle is a regular natural process that occurs in the female reproductive system. It prepares the uterus for possible pregnancy and usually lasts about 28 days. The cycle is regulated by hormones and occurs from puberty until menopause.
Step 1:Menstrual Phase

• This phase lasts about 3–5 days.
• If fertilization does not occur, the uterine lining breaks down.
• Blood and tissues are discharged from the body through the vagina.

Step 2:Follicular Phase

• This phase begins on the first day of menstruation and continues until ovulation.
• The ovaries develop follicles that contain immature eggs.
• The uterine lining starts to thicken again.

Step 3:Ovulation Phase

• Around the 14th day of the cycle, a mature egg is released from the ovary.
• This process is called ovulation.
• The egg moves into the fallopian tube, where fertilization may occur.

Step 4:Luteal Phase

• After ovulation, the ruptured follicle forms a structure called the corpus luteum.
• It releases hormones that maintain the uterine lining.
• If fertilization does not occur, the lining breaks down and the cycle begins again.