Question

Explain the mode of action of contraceptive pills taken by human females. Mention the schedule to be followed for an effective outcome.

Hint:

Key to effectiveness: - Start pills on the 5th day of the cycle. - Maintain daily intake for 21 days without missing a dose.

Answer 1

- Mode of Action: 1. Contraceptive pills contain synthetic hormones (estrogen and progesterone) that prevent ovulation by inhibiting the secretion of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland. 2. They thicken cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to enter the uterus. 3. They alter the endometrial lining, preventing implantation of a fertilized egg. - Schedule for Effective Outcome: - Pills should be taken daily for 21 days starting from the 5th day of the menstrual cycle, followed by a 7-day gap during which withdrawal bleeding occurs.