Question

Explain the causes of drinking water crisis in India.

Hint:

Conserve water by reducing wastage, recharging groundwater, and protecting natural water bodies from pollution.

Answer 1

The drinking water crisis in India arises due to the overuse, pollution, and unequal distribution of water resources. Rapid urbanization, industrial growth, and population pressure have increased the demand for clean water while reducing its availability.
Step 1: Over-extraction of Groundwater.
Excessive withdrawal of groundwater for agricultural and domestic purposes has lowered water tables in many regions, creating scarcity.
Step 2: Pollution of Water Sources.
Industrial effluents, agricultural chemicals, and sewage discharge into rivers and lakes have contaminated many water sources, making them unsafe for drinking.
Step 3: Unequal Distribution and Poor Management.
Water resources are unevenly distributed across India. Inadequate planning and poor infrastructure contribute to the crisis, particularly in drought-prone and densely populated areas.
Step 4: Climate Change.
Irregular rainfall patterns, prolonged droughts, and depletion of glaciers due to climate change further reduce the availability of clean water.
Step 5: Conclusion.
Therefore, sustainable water management, pollution control, and public awareness are essential to address India’s drinking water crisis.