Question

Explain simple and complex dilemma with example.

Hint:

A simple dilemma presents two alternatives, whereas a complex dilemma involves multiple alternatives and premises.

Answer 1

Simple Dilemma:
A simple dilemma is a type of argument that presents two choices or alternatives, and one of the choices must be true. It follows the form: \[ P
\text{or}
Q,
\text{not} P,
\therefore Q \] Example:

Premise 1: Either it will rain tomorrow, or the sun will shine.
Premise 2: It will not rain tomorrow.
Conclusion: Therefore, the sun will shine.

Complex Dilemma:
A complex dilemma is a form of argument where the choices or alternatives presented are themselves complex. It involves more than two alternatives, and each alternative might involve a pair of premises. It can follow the form: \[ (P \, \text{or} \, Q) \, \text{and} \, (R \, \text{or} \, S),
\neg P,
\neg R,
\therefore Q \, \text{and} \, S \] Example:

Premise 1: Either we go to the beach or we go to the park.
Premise 2: Either we bring lunch or we eat out.
Premise 3: We are not going to the beach.
Premise 4: We are not bringing lunch.
Conclusion: Therefore, we will go to the park and eat out.

Conclusion: A simple dilemma presents two alternatives with a conclusion following one of the choices, while a complex dilemma involves multiple alternatives and conclusions derived from a combination of choices.