Question

Explain how the immunity of a person is affected if there is atrophy (degeneration) of the thymus gland at an early stage of life.

Hint:

The thymus is vital for T-cell maturation; early atrophy leads to compromised cell-mediated immunity. Interferons are antiviral proteins and form part of innate physiological barriers.

Answer 1

Step 1: The thymus gland is a primary lymphoid organ responsible for the maturation of T-lymphocytes (T-cells), which play a central role in cell-mediated immunity. 
Step 2: If thymus undergoes atrophy at an early stage of life, it results in reduced T-cell production. 
Step 3: This weakens the body's immune response, making the person more susceptible to infections and immune-related disorders.