Question

Examine the reasons and consequences of National Emergency.

Hint:

The National Emergency showed the dangers of unchecked power and the importance of protecting democratic institutions and civil liberties.

Answer 1

The National Emergency in India was declared in 1975 due to internal disturbances, political instability, and widespread unrest. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi cited threats to national security and the functioning of the government. The emergency allowed the government to bypass constitutional checks and curtail civil liberties. The consequences were significant: the suspension of elections, restrictions on free speech, and the imprisonment of political opponents. The emergency also led to the centralization of power, altering the democratic fabric of India. Although it was lifted in 1977, the period is remembered as a time of authoritarian rule, highlighting the need for vigilance in maintaining democracy.