Question

Discuss any two characteristics of the federal government in India.

Hint:

Federalism in India balances unity and diversity by clearly dividing powers and upholding constitutional supremacy.

Answer 1

India follows a federal system of government, which means that power is divided between the central government and the state governments. Here are two key characteristics of the federal government in India:

1. Division of Powers:
- The Constitution of India clearly divides powers between the Union and the States through three lists:
- The Union List (subjects on which only the central government can legislate), - The State List (subjects reserved for state governments), - The Concurrent List (subjects on which both can legislate). - This division ensures that both levels of government operate independently within their spheres.
2. Supremacy of the Constitution:
- India’s federal structure is based on a written and rigid constitution, which is the supreme law of the land. - Any dispute between the Centre and States regarding power is resolved by the Supreme Court, ensuring constitutional supremacy. - This rigidity helps maintain a balance of power and protects the rights of both the Centre and the States.