Question

Define the term lagoon. Explain the significance of lagoon in coastal areas of India.

Hint:

Lagoons are shallow coastal water bodies separated from the sea and play vital roles in ecology, fisheries, and coastal protection.

Answer 1

A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from the sea by sandbars, barrier islands, or coral reefs. It is typically a coastal feature where seawater gets trapped behind natural barriers, forming a calm and protected water body. Significance of lagoons in coastal areas of India:
Biodiversity Hotspots: Lagoons provide habitats for diverse aquatic flora and fauna, including migratory birds, fish, and shellfish.
Fishing Grounds: They support local fisheries, offering livelihood opportunities to coastal communities.
Protection Against Erosion: Lagoons act as natural barriers, protecting the coast from strong waves and storms.
Tourism and Recreation: Some lagoons attract tourists, contributing to the local economy.
Examples in India: Chilika Lagoon in Odisha and Pulicat Lagoon in Andhra Pradesh are prominent lagoons with ecological and economic importance.