Question

Deficiency of ADH (Anti diuretic hormone) or Vasopressin results in

• A. Diuresis
• B. Decreased volume of urine
• C. Reabsorption of excess electrolytes
• D. Decreased blood calcium

Hint:

ADH helps the body conserve water. A lack of ADH causes frequent urination—a condition known as diuresis.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone), also called vasopressin, plays a vital role in water balance by promoting reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules into the blood. This hormone reduces the volume of urine and helps the body retain water.
When there is a deficiency of ADH, the kidneys are unable to reabsorb sufficient water. This leads to the production of a large volume of dilute urine, a condition known as diuresis. This is characteristic of disorders like diabetes insipidus.
- Option (2) is incorrect because ADH deficiency increases urine volume, not decreases it.
- Option (3) is incorrect because ADH primarily regulates water, not electrolyte reabsorption.
- Option (4) is incorrect because ADH is not involved in calcium regulation.
Thus, the correct answer is Diuresis.

Answer 2

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. Its primary function is to regulate the body’s water balance by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys. ADH acts on the kidney’s collecting ducts, making them more permeable to water, which allows water to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream rather than being lost in urine.

When there is a deficiency of ADH, the kidneys cannot reabsorb water efficiently. As a result, large volumes of dilute urine are produced and excreted, a condition known as diuresis. This excessive urine production leads to dehydration and an increased risk of electrolyte imbalance.

The condition caused by ADH deficiency is called diabetes insipidus, characterized by excessive thirst (polydipsia) and excessive urination (polyuria). It is important to distinguish this from diabetes mellitus, which involves blood sugar regulation.

Therefore, deficiency of ADH or vasopressin results in diuresis, meaning increased urine output due to reduced water reabsorption by the kidneys.