Data concerning the effects on a small population of high concentrations of a potentially hazardous chemical are frequently used to ------ the effects on a large population of lower amounts of the same chemical.
Show Hint
- verify
- redress
- predict
- realize
- augment
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
This question asks for a word that describes how scientific data from one situation (a small-scale, high-concentration study) is applied to another situation (a large-scale, low-concentration scenario). This process is a form of extrapolation or forecasting.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Scientists often conduct studies on small, manageable populations (like lab animals or a small human cohort) and expose them to high doses to see effects in a short amount of time. They then use these results to model or estimate what might happen to a large population exposed to lower doses over a longer period. This estimation of future or different-scale effects is best described as prediction.
- (A) verify: To verify means to confirm the truth of something that is already suspected. This doesn't fit the context of using one set of data to estimate another.
- (B) redress: To redress means to remedy or set right. This is irrelevant.
- (C) predict: To predict means to forecast or estimate a future event or trend. This perfectly describes the scientific process of using a model study to estimate effects in a different population.
- (D) realize: To realize means to become aware of or to make something real. This doesn't fit.
- (E) augment: To augment means to increase or add to. This doesn't describe the relationship between the two sets of data.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The data from the small population is used to "predict" the effects on the large population.
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