Consider the OP AMP based circuit shown in the figure. Ignore the conduction drops of diodes \(D_1\) and \(D_2\). All the components are ideal and the breakdown voltage of the Zener is 5 V. Which of the following statements is true?
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- The maximum and minimum values of the output voltage \(V_O\) are +15 V and -10 V, respectively.
- The maximum and minimum values of the output voltage \(V_O\) are +5 V and -15 V, respectively.
- The maximum and minimum values of the output voltage \(V_O\) are +10 V and -5 V, respectively.
- The maximum and minimum values of the output voltage \(V_O\) are +5 V and -10 V, respectively.
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understand the circuit.
The given circuit is an op-amp with diodes and a Zener diode arrangement, forming a limiter.
- For positive half cycles, \(D_1\) conducts and \(D_Z\) (Zener) enters breakdown after 5 V.
- For negative half cycles, \(D_2\) conducts.
Step 2: Positive cycle.
When input \(V_{in}\) is positive and large:
- The op-amp drives its output positive.
- Once the Zener diode conducts in reverse at \(5 \, V\), additional drop across the 1k\(\Omega\) resistor allows the output to rise up to approximately \(+10 \, V\).
Thus, the positive maximum output is \(\; +10 \, V\).
Step 3: Negative cycle.
When input \(V_{in}\) is negative and large:
- The diode \(D_2\) clamps the negative excursion.
- This clamps the voltage to approximately \(-5 \, V\).
Thus, the minimum output is \(\; -5 \, V\).
Step 4: Final range.
Therefore,
\[
V_O \in [-5, +10]
\]
Final Answer:
\[
\boxed{+10 \, V \; \text{and} \; -5 \, V}
\]
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