Question

Consider the following statements regarding osmotic pressure:
(A) Molar mass of a protein can be determined using the osmotic pressure method.
(B) The osmotic pressure is proportional to the molarity.
(C) Reverse osmosis occurs when a pressure larger than osmotic pressure is applied to the concentrated solution side.
(D) Edema occurs due to retention of water in tissue cells as a result of osmosis.
Choose the correct statements with reference to osmotic pressure:

• A. (A), (B), and (D) only
• B. (A), (B), and (C) only
• C. (A), (B), (C), and (D)
• D. (B), (C), and (D) only

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Let's analyze each statement regarding osmotic pressure:

(A) Molar mass of a protein can be determined using the osmotic pressure method.

This is correct. Osmotic pressure is a colligative property, which depends on the number of solute particles in a solution. Since proteins are large molecules, other colligative properties like boiling point elevation or freezing point depression produce very small changes that are difficult to measure accurately. Osmotic pressure changes are more significant and measurable, making it suitable for determining protein molar masses.

(B) The osmotic pressure is proportional to the molarity.

This is also correct. The van't Hoff equation describes the relationship between osmotic pressure (π), molarity (M), the ideal gas constant (R), and temperature (T): π = MRT. Therefore, osmotic pressure is directly proportional to molarity at a constant temperature.

(C) Reverse osmosis occurs when a pressure larger than osmotic pressure is applied to the concentrated solution side.

This is correct. In reverse osmosis, pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure forces solvent molecules to move from the concentrated solution to the dilute solution through a semipermeable membrane. This is used in water purification and desalination.

(D) Edema occurs due to retention of water in tissue cells as a result of osmosis.

This is correct. Edema is the swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the body's tissues. Osmosis plays a role in fluid distribution in the body. If the osmotic pressure balance is disrupted, water can accumulate in tissues, leading to edema.

Therefore, all the statements are correct.

The correct answer is:

Option 3: (A), (B), (C), and (D)