Question:

Common indicator organism of water pollution is

Updated On: Jul 25, 2024

Eichhornia crassipes
Escherichia coli
Entamoeba histolytica
Lemna pancicostata

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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Physico-chemical indicators: These are conventional parameters commonly associated with water quality assessment. They encompass measurements such as dissolved oxygen levels, pH, temperature, salinity, and the concentration of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus. Physico-chemical indicators also include assessments of pollutants like insecticides, herbicides, and heavy metals. Biological indicators: Biological indicators offer a direct evaluation of the overall health of aquatic ecosystems by examining the condition of the resident plants and animals. In freshwater environments, these indicators involve assessing factors like the diversity of macroinvertebrates or fish, the growth of benthic algae, and the oxygen demand in benthic communities. Flow indicators: In freshwater systems, changes in water flow often play a pivotal role in the degradation of aquatic ecosystem health. For instance, the Murray-Darling system is a notable example of this phenomenon. Evaluating alterations in natural flow patterns caused by human activities is crucial. These changes can encompass modifications in peak flows, base flows, the absence of flow during certain periods, and alterations in seasonal flow patterns.

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Concepts Used:

Environmental Pollution

When there is an unpleasant change in the surrounding that has harmful effects on plants and animals, it leads to environmental pollution. Pollution is the root cause of a substance - “pollutant”. We can have pollutants in solid, liquid, or gaseous forms. A substance becomes a pollutant when its concentration is greater than the natural abundance and this increase in concentration is either because of human activities or natural phenomena.

Effects of Environmental Pollution:

Some pollutants are scraped into the soil by human beings. This leads to air, water, and soil pollution. If the soil is polluted, the helpful or functional microorganisms in it will die and the fertility of the soil will vanish. The production of crops will diminish. If the soil is not fertile; it will have a harmful consequence on human society.