Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This is a general knowledge question about the nationality of the famous philosopher and writer, Bertrand Russell.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Bertrand Russell (1872–1970) was a prominent British intellectual. He was born in Trellech, Monmouthshire, Wales, into one of the most aristocratic families in the United Kingdom. He was a philosopher, mathematician, logician, historian, and social critic, and he is considered one of the founders of analytic philosophy. His nationality is British.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Bertrand Russell was a British citizen. Therefore, option (C) is the correct answer.