Question

Based only on the truth of the statement ‘Some humans are intelligent’, which one of the following options can be logically inferred with certainty?

• A. No human is intelligent.
• B. All humans are intelligent.
• C. Some non-humans are intelligent.
• D. Some intelligent beings are humans.

Hint:

For “Some A are B” type statements, the only certain inference is “Some B are A.” Avoid assuming universals like “All” or “None” unless explicitly stated.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Analyze the given statement.
The statement is: “Some humans are intelligent.”
This means that at least a few members of the set ‘humans’ belong to the set ‘intelligent beings’.
Step 2: Check each option logically.
- (A) “No human is intelligent” ⇒ Contradicts the given statement. Hence, false.
- (B) “All humans are intelligent” ⇒ The original statement only says ‘some’, not ‘all’. Cannot be inferred with certainty.
- (C) “Some non-humans are intelligent” ⇒ Nothing about non-humans is given in the statement. Cannot be inferred.
- (D) “Some intelligent beings are humans” ⇒ This is exactly equivalent to the given statement “Some humans are intelligent,” just expressed differently. Correct.
\[ \boxed{\text{Some intelligent beings are humans.}} \]