Question:
Assertion (A): \( p \)-nitroaniline is a weaker base than \( p \)-toluidine.
Reason (R): The electron-donating \( -NO_2 \) group in \( p \)-nitroaniline makes it a weaker base.
Assertion (A): \( p \)-nitroaniline is a weaker base than \( p \)-toluidine.
Reason (R): The electron-donating \( -NO_2 \) group in \( p \)-nitroaniline makes it a weaker base.
Reason (R): The electron-donating \( -NO_2 \) group in \( p \)-nitroaniline makes it a weaker base.
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Electron-withdrawing groups decrease basicity by reducing electron density on nitrogen.
Updated On: Feb 27, 2025
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
- Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false
- Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
\( p \)-Nitroaniline is weaker than \( p \)-toluidine because the \( -NO_2 \) group is electron-withdrawing (-M effect), which decreases the electron density on the nitrogen, making it less available for protonation. However, the given reason incorrectly states that \( -NO_2 \) is electron-donating, which is false.
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