Question

Assertion (A) : Components of azeotropes are easily separated by fractional distillation.
Reason (R) : Components of an azeotrope have same composition in liquid and vapour phase.

Hint:

To separate azeotropes, special methods like azeotropic distillation (adding a third component) or pressure swing distillation must be used.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Azeotropes are constant-boiling mixtures that behave like a pure liquid.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
By definition, an azeotrope is a mixture of liquids that boils at a constant temperature and has exactly the same composition in the liquid and vapor phases.
Distillation (including fractional) relies on the difference in composition between liquid and vapor to separate components.
Since there is no such difference in an azeotrope, they cannot be separated by fractional distillation.
Thus, Assertion (A) is false, and Reason (R) is true.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Code (D) is correct.