Question

Assertion (A) : An antibody is a protein molecule made by the lymphocytes.
Reason (R) : An antibody binds to a specific foreign antigen and neutralizes its odd effects.

• A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
• B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
• C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
• D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Hint:

Distinguish between the origin and the function of antibodies. Lymphocytes (B cells) produce antibodies, which are proteins, and these proteins have the specific role of binding and neutralizing antigens. The function doesn't explain the origin.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Assertion (A) states that an antibody is a protein molecule made by lymphocytes. Specifically, antibodies are produced by plasma cells, which are differentiated B lymphocytes. Therefore, Assertion (A) is true.
Reason (R) states that an antibody binds to a specific foreign antigen and neutralizes its odd effects. Antibodies are indeed specific to particular antigens and function to neutralize or eliminate these antigens through various mechanisms such as agglutination, opsonization, neutralization, and complement activation. Therefore, Reason (R) is also true. However, Reason (R) does not explain why antibodies are protein molecules made by lymphocytes. The fact that lymphocytes produce antibodies is a consequence of their differentiation and gene expression, while the function of antibodies is related to their specific binding to antigens. These are two distinct aspects of antibody biology. Thus, Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).