Question

Artificial insemination means

• A. Introduction of sperms of healthy donor directly into ovary
• B. Artificial introduction of sperms of a healthy donor into uterus
• C. Transfer of sperms to a test tube containing ova
• D. Healthy donor sperms are directly injected into ovum

Hint:

Artificial insemination = sperm introduced into uterus; IVF = fertilization outside body; ICSI = sperm injected into ovum.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Artificial insemination (AI) is a technique used to treat infertility. It involves the artificial introduction of sperms from a healthy donor into the female reproductive tract, typically the uterus, during the ovulatory phase to achieve fertilization.
- Option (1) is incorrect: Sperms are not introduced into the ovary directly.
- Option (3) is incorrect: This describes in vitro fertilization (IVF), not AI.
- Option (4) is incorrect: Direct injection of sperm into an ovum is called ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection).
Therefore, the correct definition of artificial insemination is given in option (2).

Answer 2

Artificial insemination is a medical and veterinary technique designed to aid reproduction when natural fertilization is difficult or impossible. It involves the deliberate, artificial introduction of sperm cells into the female reproductive system, typically the uterus, to facilitate fertilization without sexual intercourse. This method is especially useful in cases of male infertility, where the sperm count or motility is low, or when there are issues preventing sperm from reaching the egg naturally.

In the process, sperm is first collected from a healthy donor or the male partner. The sperm sample is then processed and concentrated to increase the chances of successful fertilization. Using specialized instruments, the sperm is carefully introduced into the female reproductive tract, most commonly into the uterus, bypassing barriers such as hostile cervical mucus or anatomical blockages.

Artificial insemination can also be used to prevent the transmission of certain genetic diseases, by selecting donor sperm free of harmful genes. It plays a crucial role in livestock breeding programs as well, allowing for genetic improvement and controlled breeding without the need for natural mating.

Overall, artificial insemination is a valuable reproductive technology that improves the chances of conception by artificially introducing sperms of a healthy donor directly into the uterus, enhancing the likelihood of successful fertilization and pregnancy.