Question

Arrange the following historical events related to extension services in the United States of America in the order of their occurrence from earliest to latest:
(A) The Morrill Act that established Land Grant Universities
(B) The Hatch Act that established Agricultural Experiment Stations
(C) Dr. Seaman A. Knapp sets up a demonstration that became a key technique for extension work
(D) The Smith-Lever Act that established the national cooperative extension system

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B), (C), (D)
• B. (A), (C), (B), (D)
• C. (B), (A), (D), (C)
• D. (C), (B), (D), (A)

Hint:

Timeline Mnemonic: Morrill (Land-grant colleges, 1862) $\rightarrow$ Hatch (Experiment Stations, 1887) $\rightarrow$ Knapp (Demonstrations, early 1900s) $\rightarrow$ Smith-Lever (Cooperative Extension, 1914).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The evolution of extension services in the U.S. involved a series of legislative acts and practical innovations:
(A) Morrill Act (1862): Laid the foundation by establishing Land Grant Universities, focusing on agriculture and mechanical arts.
(B) Hatch Act (1887): Bolstered research capabilities by funding Agricultural Experiment Stations associated with land-grant colleges.
(C) Dr. Seaman A. Knapp’s demonstration farms (early 1900s): Pioneered the “learning by doing” approach through practical on-farm demonstrations, significantly influencing extension methodology.
(D) Smith-Lever Act (1914): Formalized and institutionalized outreach and education efforts by creating the Cooperative Extension System, a nationwide network. This sequence highlights the progressive development of agricultural education and its dissemination throughout the U.S.