Among the following statements. choose the correct statements. A. Boiling point of alcohols increases with increase in the number of carbon atoms. B. In alcohols, boiling points increases with increase of branching in carbon chain. C. Boiling points of alcohols are lesser in comparison to haloalkanes of comparable molecular mass. D. Boiling points of alcohols are higher in comparison to hydrocarbons of comparable molecular mass. E. The high boiling points of alcohols are mainly due to the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. Boiling point of alcohols increases with an increase in the number of carbon atoms. (Correct) D. Boiling points of alcohols are higher in comparison to hydrocarbons of comparable molecular mass. (Correct) E. The high boiling points of alcohols are mainly due to the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding. (Correct)
Therefore, the correct answer is A, D, and E only.
Alcohols are generally colorless, flammable liquids or solids with a characteristic odor. They have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight due to hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups. Alcohols also exhibit higher viscosity and surface tension than hydrocarbons. Alcohols are soluble in water due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups and water molecules.
Physical Properties of Phenols:
Phenols are generally colorless to light pink or brown, crystalline solids with a distinctive odor. They have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight due to hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups. Phenols are less soluble in water than alcohols due to the lack of a second hydroxyl group for hydrogen bonding. They are, however, soluble in organic solvents.
Ethers are generally colorless, flammable liquids or gases with a characteristic odor. They have lower boiling points than alcohols of comparable molecular weight due to the absence of hydrogen bonding. Ethers are also less polar than alcohols and are less soluble in water. They are, however, more soluble in organic solvents than alcohols.
In summary, alcohols, phenols, and ethers exhibit a range of physical properties that depend on their molecular structure and functional groups. Understanding these physical properties is important for predicting the behavior of these compounds in various applications, such as in the production of solvents, fuels, and pharmaceuticals.
