Question:
Adrenaline directly affects
Adrenaline directly affects
Updated On: Jul 27, 2022
- $S.A$. node
- $\beta$-cells of Langerhans
- dorsal root of spinal nerve
- epithelial cells of stomach
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Adrenaline (secreted from adrenal medulla) directly and positively affects the $SA$ node to increase rate of heartbeat. Adrenaline prepares the body for emergency reactions like fight and flight. Thus, there is increase in heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, glucose level in blood, peripheral circulation, etc in response to adrenaline secretion.
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Concepts Used:
Chemical Coordination and Integration - Hormones
Hormones are chemical messengers that are released directly into the bloodstream, where they are carried to organs and tissues throughout the body to perform their tasks. Hormones are released by the body's endocrine glands.
Functions of Hormones
Following are some important functions of hormones:
- Food metabolism.
- Growth and development.
- Controlling thirst and hunger.
- Maintaining body temperature.
- Regulating mood and cognitive functions.
- Initiating and maintaining sexual development and reproduction.
Types of Hormones
To regulate various functions, different types of hormones are produced in the body. They are classified as follows:
- Peptide Hormones: Peptide hormones are composed of amino acids and are soluble in water.
- Steroid Hormones: Unlike peptide hormones, steroid hormones are fat-soluble and are able to pass through a cell membrane.
List of Important Hormones
- Cortisol
- Estrogen
- Melatonin
- Progesterone
- Testosterone