Question

A village health worker was taking a session with women. She tells them that one has to be careful while using oral pills as a method of birth control. Wrong usage can actually promote conception.
(A) Analyse the statement — oral pills need careful usage, as wrong usage can promote conception. Compare merits and demerits of using oral pills and surgical methods of birth control.
(B) Village women are confused as to how a thin metallic copper loop can prevent pregnancy. Explain the mode of action of IUDs. Give two points.

Hint:

Regularity is key for oral pills. IUDs work by affecting sperm and uterine lining to prevent pregnancy.

Answer 1

(A) Analysis:

• Oral pills should be taken regularly and at the prescribed time. Missed doses reduce effectiveness, increasing chances of conception.

Merits of oral pills:

• Easy to administer.
• Reversible contraceptive method.

Demerits:

• Must be taken regularly without fail.
• Possible side effects like nausea and hormonal imbalances.

Merits of surgical methods:

• Permanent and highly effective.
• No need for daily management.

Demerits:

• Irreversible in most cases.
• Requires hospitalization and medical procedure.

(B) Mode of action of copper IUDs:

• Release of copper ions reduces sperm motility and viability, preventing fertilisation.
• Induces changes in the uterine lining, making it unsuitable for implantation.