Question:

A somatic cell that has just completed the S phase of its cell cycle, as compared to gamete ofthe same species, has

Updated On: May 20, 2024

twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA
four times the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA
twice the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA
same number of chromosomes but twice the amount of DNA.

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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

In diploid cells (somatic cells) during G1 phase, DNA content is 2C and chromosome number is 2n whereas in haploid cells (gamete) during G, phase, DNA content is 1C and chromosome number is n. S phase is marked by replication of DNA and the amount of DNA per cell is doubled i.e., it becomes 4C in somatic cells, whereas chromosome number remains same i.e.. In. Thus, a somatic cell which has just completed S phase, will have 4C DNA content but In chromosome number, while the gamete cell has 1C DNA content and n chromosome number.

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Concepts Used:

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Cell Cycle:

The sequence of events by which a cell copies itself synthesizes other constituents of the cell and eventually splits into two daughter cells is termed the cell cycle. The cell synthesizes all its constituents in a sequential pattern to make sure the proper division and distribution of components that occurs between the two daughter cells. Therefore, we can say that the cell cycle is the period of time between the development of new daughter cells and their further division.

Stages of Cell Cycle:

The cell cycle can be sub-divided into an additional category of Interphase. Meanwhile, the Interphase can be branched into 3 further stages, such as:

G1 Phase - “Gap 1 Phase”
S Phase - "Synthesis Phase"
G2 Phase - "Gap 2 Phase"

Read More: Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Cell Division:

The division of the parent cells into two or more cells is called daughter cell, cell division takes place. In general, it occurs as a part of a larger cell cycle. All the cell reproduces by dividing into two, wherein each parental cell produces two daughter cells.

Stages of Cell Division:

Cell division can be widely divided into several sub-segments that result from Mitosis and Meiosis.

Mitosis or (M Phase)
Meiosis

List I (Spectral Lines of Hydrogen for transitions from)		List II (Wavelength (nm))
A.	n₂ = 3 to n₁ = 2	I.	410.2
B.	n₂ = 4 to n₁ = 2	II.	434.1
C.	n₂ = 5 to n₁ = 2	III.	656.3
D.	n₂ = 6 to n₁ = 2	IV.	486.1