Step 1: Define the primary use of SQL.
SQL stands for Structured Query Language. Its primary purpose is to communicate with a database to perform tasks such as retrieving data, inserting data, or updating data.
Step 2: Analyze the terms.
(A) Query: An inquiry into the database using the `SELECT` statement is the most common type of SQL statement, and the term is often used to refer to any SQL command.
(B) Procedure and (C) Function: These are blocks of SQL code that can be saved and reused. While they are written in SQL, the general term for a single statement is a query or command.
(D) Record: A record (or row) is an item of data in a table, not a statement.
The most appropriate general term for an SQL program statement is a query.