Question:

A piece of $DNA$ inserted into an alien organism generally does not replicate if not inserted into a chromosome. Chromosomes have specific sequences called 'ori' region where $DNA$ replication is initiated.

Updated On: Jul 6, 2022
  • If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
  • If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
  • If assertion is true but reason is false
  • If both assertion and reason are false
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Origin of replication' is a sequence from where replication starts by binding of polymerase enzyme. An isolated piece of $DNA$ without origin of replication or 'ori' site cannot replicate and is gradually lost during nuclear divisions. But if it is inserted within a chromosome it is replicated along with the chromosome as a result of the replication process initiated by the 'origin of replication' site of the chromosome. This is the reason why recombinant vectors used in genetic engineering must contain origin of replication so that they can replicate themselves during cell division in order to ensure presence of recombinant gene in all the progeny.
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Notes on biotechnology

Concepts Used:

Biotechnology

Biotechnology is a vast field of biology that involves the creation, production, and modification of useful products for human welfare using both the technology and the execution of living organisms and their components. An agricultural engineer, Karoly Ereky, coined the word "biotechnology" in 1919, achieving him the title of "Father of Biotechnology."

Principles of Biotechnology:

Among many, the two core techniques that entitled the birth of modern biotechnology are :

  1. Genetic Engineering is one of the methods of direct modifications of an organism's genome (i.e., DNA and RNA). It requires the introduction of new genes into host species to escalate function or trait, hence altering the host organism's phenotype.
  2. Bioprocess Engineering is one of the methods of maintaining sterile conditions to facilitate the growth of large quantities of desired microbes and other eukaryotic cells for the development of new or modified biotechnological products such as enzymes, vaccines, antibiotics, and other biotechnological products.