Question

A hypothesis stipulating that there is no difference between the situations, groups, and outcomes is called:

• A. Hypothesis of association
• B. Null hypothesis
• C. Hypothesis of differences
• D. Alternative hypothesis

Hint:

The Null Hypothesis ($H_0$) assumes no difference between groups or conditions. It is the starting point for statistical hypothesis testing.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Null Hypothesis. A Null Hypothesis ($H_0$) is a statement that there is no significant difference between two situations, groups, or outcomes. It assumes that any observed difference is due to chance or random variation.

 Step 2: Importance in hypothesis testing. 
- The null hypothesis is tested against an alternative hypothesis ($H_1$), which proposes that there is a significant effect or difference
. - Statistical tests are used to determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis. 

Step 3: Explanation of incorrect options. 
- (A) Hypothesis of association: Refers to relationships between variables, not the absence of difference. 
- (C) Hypothesis of differences: Describes a hypothesis that assumes a difference exists, but it is not the same as the null hypothesis. 
- (D) Alternative hypothesis: Opposes the null hypothesis by suggesting that a difference does exist.