A dehydration reaction links two glucose molecules to produce maltose. If the formula for glucose is \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6\) then what is the formula for maltose?
\(\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{20}\text{O}_{10}\)
\(\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{24}\text{O}_{12}\)
\(\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11}\)
\(\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{24}\text{O}_{11}\)
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
In a dehydration reaction, two molecules of the sugar glucose (monomers) combine to form a single molecule of the sugar maltose. Two glucose molecules should combine to form a disaccharide \(\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{24}\text{O}_{12}\) . However, due to dehydration, one H2O molecule is eliminated and the final product is \(\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11}\).
The formula for maltose is \(\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11}\)
Maltose is formed by a dehydration reaction between two glucose molecules. In each glucose molecule \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6,\) one molecule of water (H2O) is eliminated. This results in the formation of a glycosidic bond between the two glucose units.
When two glucose molecules combine to form maltose, the formula for maltose can be determined by adding up the respective atoms from each glucose molecule while subtracting one water molecule:
\((C_6H_{12}O_6) + (C_6H_{12}O_6) - H_2O = C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}\)
Therefore, the formula for maltose is \(\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11}\)
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Concepts Used:
Biomolecules - Hormones
Hormones are defined as important chemicals that act as messengers of the body. These are the chemicals that are secreted by special glands, known as endocrine glands and these distributed throughout the body. It helps in controlling of physiological functions. Moreover, they are important while maintaining homeostasis in the body. The entire endocrine system is a network of glands. Hormones are almost same as the nervous system. Functioning of various body functions it plays an important role. The only difference between the nervous system and hormones that nervous system uses nerve impulses and neurotransmitters for communication, while the endocrine system uses chemical messengers named hormones.
Types of Hormones:
- Peptide Hormones: Peptide hormones include amino acids that are soluble in water. Insulin is a vital peptide hormone that is produced by the pancreas.
- Steroid Hormones: Unlike peptide hormones, steroid hormones are fat-soluble and can easily pass through a cell membrane with ease. Sex hormones like testosterone, estrogen, etc. are some of the kinds of steroid hormones.