Question

Define the following: 
(i) Cell potential
(ii) Fuel Cell

Hint:

Cell potential is an essential concept in electrochemistry, determining whether a reaction will proceed spontaneously. A fuel cell, by contrast, provides a direct method for energy conversion, commonly used in clean energy technology.

Answer 1

(i) Cell potential, also known as the electrode potential or electromotive force (EMF), is the difference in electric potential between two electrodes in a galvanic or electrochemical cell. It is a measure of the ability of a cell to drive an electrochemical reaction and is usually measured in volts (V). The greater the cell potential, the greater the ability of the cell to perform work. The standard cell potential is calculated under standard conditions, typically 25°C, 1 M concentration for solutions, and 1 atm pressure for gases. 
(ii) Fuel cell 
A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (usually hydrogen) and an oxidant (such as oxygen) into electrical energy. This conversion occurs through a redox reaction at the electrodes. The fuel cell operates continuously as long as the fuel and oxidant are supplied, making it a clean and efficient source of power. Common examples include hydrogen fuel cells used in electric vehicles and other energy applications.